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ABOUT CROATIA
As you will discover yourself, Croatia is a colorful land that gives you so many reasons to be a part of its liveliness. Much has changed over the years, still we all try to preserve the most precious treasure – nature.
Mediterranean spirit, cordial and affectionate people, tradition...all contributed to the wealth of this beautiful country. Many have chosen Croatia as their holiday destination. You will learn a lot about this country through our site, though we suggest you experience this beauty yourself.
Besides winter tourism, eco tourism, rural tourism, health tourism, sports tourism, conference tourism, we all express more attitute towards summer tourism perhaps. The aspect of the Croatian coastline attracts many tourists from all over the world. Here you will find a perfect place for your dream vacation, whether you are looking for a simple resting, relaxing, enjoying the quietness and privacy, or you are more adventurous type and looking for excitement and fun.
Not only you wil enjoy the scenery and nature, but you will also discover many other Croatian features; historical heritage, culture, gastronomy, events such as festivals, shows, traditional competitions, film festival... There is choice for everyone.
Its interesting geographical position and unusual shape makes Croatia an important international transit-land. With the surface of 56 542 km˛ Croatia streches from the foot of the Alps in the northwest to the Pannonian Plain in ther east, over the mountain range of Dinara to the Adriatic coast in the south.
GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT
CROATIA
 Geographical
position: Croatia is situated more or less in the heart
of Europe. Croatia stretches from the foot of the Alps in
the northwest and Pannonian Plain in the east, over the
mountain range of Dinara in its central region, to the Adriatic
coast in the south. Croatia has a strange shape, which comes
as a result of five centuries of expansion by the Ottoman
(Turkish) empire towards Central Europe (although Croatia
was never conquered by the Turks).
Surface area: Croatia
has 56.542 km2, with an additional 31.067 km2 of territorial
waters
Population: Croatia
has 4.784.265 inhabitants. Over 90% of the population is
Croat (the majority of whom are Roman Catholics), but there
are also Serbian, Bosnian, Hungarian and Italian minorities.
Climate: The Adriatic
Coast has a typical Mediterranean climate with hot dry summers
and mild winters. It is one of the sunniest and warmest
coasts in Europe with an average of 2.600 hours of sunshine
per year and an average summer temperature of 27C.The inland
part has a typical continental climate with warm summers
and rainy and snowy winters.
Number of islands, islets
and reefs: 1.185 of which 67 inhabited; the largest
islands are those of Krk and Cres.
Capital: Zagreb,
the administrative, cultural, academic and communication
centre of Croatia; population: 960.000 inhabitants
Religions: Predominantly
Roman Catholic
Official language and
alphabet: Croatian language and Latin alphabet.
Political system: Parliamentary
Democracy
 National
holidays:
January 1st - New Year's Day
January 6th - Epiphany
Easter Monday
May 1st - May Day
Corpus Christi - movable observance
June 22nd - Day of the Anti-Fascist Struggle
June 25th - Statehood Day
August 5th - Homeland Gratitude Day
August 15th - Assumption
October 8th - Independence Day
November 1st - All Saints' Day
December 25-26 - Christmas Holidays
Monetary unit: Croatian
Kuna (Kn). Banknotes come in denominations of 5, 10, 20,
50, 100, 500 and 1000 and coins in Kn 1, 2, 5 & 25 and
10, 20 and 50 lipa (1 Kuna= 100 lipas). Foreign currencies
can be exchanged in banks, exchange offices, post offices
and most tourist agencies, hotels and camping grounds. Euro
cheques can be exchanged in banks. Banking hours are 7 a.m.
to 7 p.m. from Monday to Friday. On Saturdays banks are
open until 1 p.m. In the larger cities some banks are also
open on Sundays.
Currency: Foreign
currency can be changed in the Banks, Exchange Offices,
Post Offices, Tourist agencies and Hotels, according to
the current exchange rate.
Credit cards: Most
hotels, restaurants and shops accept credit cards (American
Express, Diners Club, Euro card / MasterCard and Visa).
Electricity: 220V,
50 Hz
Water: Tap water
is drinkable throughout Croatia
The telephone code for
Croatia: +385
Cellular phone range:
Communication by mobile phones is possible throughout Croatia.
Time zone: GMT plus
one hour (in summer two hours)
Shopping: Excellent
buys include leather articles, local handmade lace ware
and embroidery, ceramics, herb brandies, etc. Opening hours:
department stores and groceries are open continuously 7:30
a.m. to 8 p.m. , while some shops and groceries close for
lunch. On Saturdays most shops are open from 7:30 a.m. to
2 p.m. In tourist destinations, in high season, most shops
stay open longer, including Saturdays and Sundays. Duty-free
shops are located at the airports.
Working hours: Shops
and department stores are open between 8 a.m. and 8 p.m.,
and on Saturdays from 8 a.m. to 2 p.m. or 3 p.m. A smaller
number of stores close between noon and 4 p.m. Many stores
are open on Sundays too, especially in the summer, and a
smaller number in the larger cities are open 24 hours a
day. Public services and companies usually work from 8,30
a.m. to 4,30 p.m. from Monday to Friday.
Tax return for foreign
citizens: Tourists making purchases in Croatia (apart
from petroleum derivatives), which exceed 500 Kuna per bill,
may reclaim VAT ('PDV'). When purchasing, ask the salesperson
for form PDV-P, which they should then fill out and stamp.
On leaving Croatia the receipt has to be verified by the
Croatian Customs Service. A PDV refund in Kuna can be obtained
within six months either at the same shop where the goods
were purchased (in this case the tax is refunded immediately),
or by posting the verified receipt back to the shop together
with the account number into which the refund should be
paid. In this case the refund is dealt with within 15 days
of receipt of the claim.
Pets can enter the
country if they have a vaccination record and veterinary
certificate. The record must not be older than one year.
Medical services:
Medical care for foreigners can be provided at hospitals
and clinics in all major cities in Croatia. Croatia is a
member of Europe Assistance medical services system. Foreign
tourists do not pay for emergency health services if Croatia
and the tourist's country of origin have a health care agreement.
If not, the tourist must pay for health care costs immediately.
Hospitals and clinics are located in all major centres,
while doctor's offices and pharmacies can be found in smaller
tourist destinations.
Postal services:
Post offices are open from 7 a.m. to 8 p.m. non-stop. Saturdays
from 7 a.m. to 1 p.m. For international calls, besides using
hotel and post office services, phone cards (for sale in
all post offices) are used in all public phone booths. Postage
stamps are sold at post offices, hotel receptions and newspaper
and tobacco stands. TNT and DHL air-express carrier's services
are also available.
Culture: In Croatia
is 4 opera houses, 29 theatres, 151 museums and galleries
and 147 cinemas. The theatres are generally closed at summer,
although a number of them hold series of summer performances
both in Zagreb and on the coast.
Cultural and historical
monuments: There are numerous cultural and historical
monuments of great significance in Croatia, such as the
ancient amphitheatre in Pula, the palace of the Emperor
Diocletian in Split (a UNESCO world heritage site), the
Romanesque cities of Krk, Rab, Pag, Korcula and Trogir,
elegant Dubrovnik, a 13th century city with excellently
preserved Renaissance towers and walls, which is also under
UNESCO protection, one of Europe's first public theatres
in Hvar, the basilica of Euphrasy's' in Porec, the pre Romanesque
church of St. Donat in Zadar, Šibenik cathedral, and
many others.
Major cultural events
Zagreb Summer Festival (1 Jul - 15 August)
International Folk Dance Festival, Zagreb (19 - 23 July)
International Children's Festival in Šibenik (24 June
8 July)
Dubrovnik Summer Festival (10 July - 25 August)
Ðakovo Embroidery (30 June to 2 July)
Split summer (July, August)
Music Evenings in St. Donat, Zadar (4 July - 6 August)
Music Evenings in Osor (8 July - 26 August)
Sinjska Alka (6 August)
Istrian Cultural Summer (during the season)
Vinkovci Autumn (22 - 24 September)
Varaždin Baroque Evenings (24 September - 8 October)
Entertainment: Most
better quality hotels have nightclubs and the major tourist
resorts have discos. There are dancing evenings on the terraces
during the summer time, along with other entertainment and
cultural events.
Gambling casinos: There
are 15 casinos in Croatia, 6 of them in Zagreb and other
in the following towns: Buje, Novigrad, Porec, Umag, Opatija,
Cavtat, Split, Hvar, Makarska
Souvenirs: Folk and
artistic ceramics and numerous homemade souvenirs.
TOURISM IN CROATIA
 The
modern tourist development of Croatia began with the arrival
in the 19th century of Czechs, Austrians and Hungarians
who immediately recognised the quality of the Adriatic coast,
which encompasses Istria, the Croatian Riviera and Dalmatia.
The exceptionally beautiful
and varied landscape, the crystal clear waters, the untouched
nature, the pebbly and sandy coves and beaches, over 350
species of fish, crabs and shellfish, and the Mediterranean
flora make it irresistible.
The warm currents, which
come from the Mediterranean and pass up the Croatian Adriatic
coast, provide the basis for a pleasant climate and vacation
throughout the year. The sea temperature in summer is about
25 °C. The warm weather in the region is exceptional,
especially in Dalmatia. For example, the island of Hvar
has 2.718 hours of sunshine annually, while Dubrovnik has
2.584.
The needs of the most demanding
visitor will be satisfied in the hotels, camping sites,
marinas and private residences by the intimate atmosphere
of the fishing villages and small harbours, the sport and
the unique cuisine and excellent wines, and in the continental
part by the countryside, hunting and fishing. The various
cultural and sporting events, together with the sincerity
and hospitality of the Croatian people will make a visit
to a Croatia unforgettable experience.
Accommodation: Croatia offers accommodation in numerous
hotels, tourist complexes, private accommodation and camping
grounds.
Naturism: There are
numerous well-established naturist camps. There are also
naturist beaches near some hotels and camps.
Health tourism:
There are a large number of health spas sited on thermal
and mineral springs. Around Zagreb there is Tuheljske Toplice,
Krapinske Toplice, Stubicke Toplice, Varaždinske Toplice,
Ivanic Grad (Naftalan) and Topusko. In Slavonia there is
Daruvar, Lipik and Bizovac. On the coast there is Vela Luka,
Šibenik, Duga Uvala and the Istrian spas. There is
also thalassotherapy in Opatija, Crikvenica, Veli Lošinj,
Hvar and Makarska.
Diving: In Croatia
there are over 120 diving centres.
Conference tourism:
Croatia has 75 fully equipped conference halls. The largest
conference centres in Croatia include Zagreb, Opatija, Dubrovnik,
Pula, Rovinj, Cavtat, Porec, Brijuni, Crikvenica and the
Plitvice Lakes.
Hunting tourism:
There is a long tradition of hunting tourism in Croatia,
and there are a large number of hunting resorts. In central
Croatia and Slavonia one can hunt deer, wild boar, martens,
foxes, hares, pheasants, wild geese and wild ducks. In Gorski
kotar and Lika there are also opportunities for bear hunting
and, in Dalmatia, chamois and mouflon.
Youth tourism: There
are youth hostels in Dubrovnik, Pula, Šibenik, Zadar,
Split, and Zagreb
Winter tourism: There
are three major ski resorts with many ski lifts and ski
runs: Medvednica near Zagreb, Platak near Rijeka and Bjelolasica
near Ogulin.
Sports tourism: Most
hotels and camps have tennis courts (ATP tournament in Umag,
WTA tournament in Bol), as well as facilities for basketball
and beach volleyball. It is possible to rent boats, fishing
and scuba-diving equipment, and there are also scuba diving
and sailing schools. One can go rafting on the Dobra and
Cetina rivers, and white water rafting is organised on the
Kupa, Korana, Mrežnica, Cetina and Una rivers.
Tourist information 0800 200 200
WEATHER IN CROATIA
Introduction
The fact that the north Adriatic almost touches the Alps
causes certain climatic differences between the north and
the south Adriatic coast. They are not so visible during
the summer, but in the winter the weather pictures of the
north and the south are often very different. The borders
between the two faces of the same sea are very clear - it's
cape Ploca, known between the sailors as Punta Planka, two
miles south from Rogoznica, on the rout to Šibenik
on the way to Split.
Cyclones and Anticyclones
Weather changes on the Adriatic dictates the changes of
cyclones and anticyclones over the middle and South Europe.
The usual travelling way of cyclones over the Adriatic is
from west to east. On their front side they bring winds
from the south with warm and moist air, so the weather is
cloudy and rainy. Behind the cyclone with the growing of
anticyclone and it's spreading over the European land through
the east, the wind moves to the north-east and brings cold
and dry air, north-eastern wind chases the clouds, which
stabilizes the weather. Until the arrival of the new cyclone
the weather stays sunny and calm, with a daily landward
breeze during the summer.
This rhythm of change is usual for the Adriatic, and it
differs only by how often and from where do the cyclones
come. In the summer they are rear and they travel mostly
north of Adriatic, in the winter they are more powerful
and dipper. They travel one after the other from the Geneva
Bay and Triennia Sea, through south Italy over to south
Adriatic and further to the southeast.
The differences between summer and winter
In the Summer the differences between the north and south
are much smaller- both sides of the Adriatic are combined
into one climate territory with a lot of warm and sunny
days, high daily temperatures which get softened by a pleasant
landward breeze, low percentage of humidity and not to hot
nights. The temperature of the sea surface is between 24°C
and 26°C on the entire Adriatic.
At the end of the summer the differences between the north
and the south Adriatic become more noticeable during the
nights, while the daily temperatures are pretty much the
same. Colder nights soon lead to differences in the sea
temperatures. In the beginning of September the sea starts
to get colder. On the north the sea temperature falls to
18°C and more, but on the South it can still be 22°C.
The air temperature during the winter is different as well.
In the Trieste Bay and under the Velebit the snow carried
by a strong storm is not so rear, while at the same time
on Hvar, Vis and Korèula the weather can be very
pleasant. Especially during the winter, cape Ploca proves
to be worthy of its name - the climate border - very often
two types of weather are fighting over it.
Temperatures
The warmest months are July and August when the air temperature
is between 25° C and 35° C (77° F - 95°
F) and the sea temperature reaches up to 28° C (83°
F). The rain is very rare. This is the time when most of
the tourists come.
If you're for a quieter time at the beach and not so many
tourists, maybe June and September are months for you. They
are also very warm months with average temperatures around
25° C (77° F) and the sea surface temps between
20° C and 25° C (68° F - 77° F).
Sunbathing and swimming is also possible in April, May and
October, but it really depends on the weather and chances
are that you'll get more sunshine in the southern Adriatic.
In that period expect temperature between 15° C and
25° C ( 59° F - 77° F) and the sea temperature
between 16 and 21° C (61 - 70° F). This is a period
with more rain and windy days.
The air temperature in winter months is between 5 and 10°
C (41-50° F) and the sea temperature are in average
12 ° C (54 ° C).
Sea changes, current
and waves
The changes of high and low tide in the Adriatic are small
and don't effect the safety of the sail. On the south the
difference between the tides is rarely higher then 40cm,
but as you approach the North the amplitudes will become
bigger - around Istra and Trieste Bay the middle extreme
amplitude is almost 1m. During the long lasting and strong
south winds in some narrow canals and bays the tide can
grow so big that it can flood over walls on the beaches
in harbours. This is very rear (more often in the winter),
and it's characteristic for the big and deep bays of the
south Adriatic. During south winds the tides are usually
higher, and during storms the sea is lower than the average.
The atmosphere pressure has a big impact on them as well.
Sea currents are small, and present no problem during the
navigation. But you still have to keep them in mind, especially
in some narrow canals, where they can get up to 4 knots
of speed.
The waves in the Adriatic are not as high as the ones in
the oceans, but that does not mean that they can't be unpleasant
for smaller boats. The south wind creates bigger waves then
northeastern wind (the biggest measured south wind wave
was 10,8m, and the north-eastern 7,2m), but still it would
be wrong to presume how the south wind waves are more dangerous
because they are bigger. On the contrary, northeastern wind
waves are shorter by half, but still shaped unsymmetrical,
which means that the boat will suffer more in the waves
of the northeastern wind. The landward wind waves get pretty
high on the South, it can get up to 4m of height.
The winds of the Adriatic
The entire east side of the Adriatic has it's own weather
changes, especially the winds. Since the old days fisherman
could read the small signs of nature and know what the sky
is preparing next. That's why you cant make a mistake by
asking a fisherman what's the weather going to be like in
the evening or the next day and where is the best place
to anchor for the night.
North-eastern wind
As a cold wind, the north-eastern (in Croatia called ''bura'')
is blowing from the continent, from the eastern side of
the Adriatic towards the open sea and brings bright weather.
It starts abruptly and blows in squalls toward the sea.
It is strongest in the Velebit Channel and the Gulf of Trieste.
In the summer blows as a local wind and then lasts only
a few days. In the winter it may continue for six to fourteen
days.
For smaller boats it can be very unpleasant. Without it
the Adriatic, especially the north part, would be much more
pleasant Rarely it blows more than 3 days. When it's local
it can start and stop within 24 hours, but if it's wide
and continental it can last the entire week, and in that
period it gets weaker or stronger a couple of times. Sudden
starting of the wind is one of its most dangerous sides,
especially for less experienced sailors. At the coast it
can easily reach 40 - 50 knots, during the winter even more.
As it brings cold and heavy air, it finds it's way towards
the sea through the mountains. That's why it's best to hide
from it in the bays underneath the mountains.
The South wind
It is the warm wind from the southeast (in Croatia called
"jugo" or "sirocco") it blows through
the Adriatic, during the cyclone it brings clouds and rain.
The air pressure falls. It develops slowly; usually you
can notice it two or three days before. As it blows through
the canal, it produces high, but long waves. It usually
lasts much longer than the north-eastern wind, five to seven
days. In the summer it may appear as a local wind and is
more frequent in the southern part of the Adriatic. Between
March and June it blows in the north as well. During the
winter even longer. There are also, so-called dry south
winds, they last longer, do not bring rain, but can be powerful
as a storm.
Other winds
The north - western wind (in Croatia called "Maestral")
is a local wind, which blows from the sea, mostly in the
summer. It usually starts between 10 and 11 in the morning
and reaches its greatest strength between 2 and 3 in the
afternoon to die down at sunset. It brings good weather.
It is usually accompanied by white clouds.
The north-easterly wind (in Croatia called ''Burin'') blows
in the summer from the mainland.
The northerly wind (in Croatia called ''Tramontana'') is
a type of bora.
Another type of bora is the easterly wind ''Levante''. From
west blows ''Pulenat'' and from south-west ''Lebic''.
The landward breeze
That's a good wind, friendly to sailors, and pretty much
to every one who enjoys the summer sea because it softens
the heat. It's a daily thermal northeast wind. It's very
usual from spring to fall, and the strongest in July and
August.
It usually starts around 9 or 10 in the morning. It gets
the most powerful in the afternoon, and it ends with sunset.
It's usually weaker on the north Adriatic than on the south,
where in the canals between islands it's force can get unpleasant
for small boats.
Sudden storm (called "Nevere")
Next to the north-eastern the sudden storm on the Adriatic
is possibly the most unpleasant experience, especially for
small boats. They are thermal storms that come speeding
from the west, from the open sea; they last short but have
great force. They are the most often in the summer, and
they get very powerful as fall comes.
On the smallest sign of the storm you should, with no delay,
take every precaution, because the time is short. If there
is any possibility of getting away from it's way, you should.
Before the storm starts it's totally quiet, and often in
the last minutes before it breaks a breeze blows, very shortly
towards the storm - it makes it impossible to hear the sounds
of thunder, that's why a lot of people where caught by the
storm totally unready.
Weather forecast
Forecasts giving the present state and likely development
of the weather are given in regular bulletins or by radiotelephone.
Radio forecasts. These begin with a description of the weather
(i.e. wind 7 Bf freshening, sea 5 increasing, fog etc.);
this is followed by the general situation and forecast for
the next 12 and 24 hours in the Adriatic and Otranto. Coastal
radio-stations RIJEKA RADIO, SPLIT RADIO, DUBROVNIK RADIO
give forecasts three times a day in the national language
followed by English. Other important radio-stations are
MALTA RADIO, TRIESTE RADIO and the Italian RAI service.
Special warnings are transmitted as soon as storms or other
weather conditions are expected and these are repeated following
the next period of radio silence.
The present situation and forecast can be provided for smaller
sections (sectors/quadrants) given by name on separate map
(index map).
The Croatian naval meteorological service divides the Adriatic
into northern, central and southern.
Weather (meteorological) bulletins provide weather charts
with meteorological tables for places on the Croatian coast,
details of synoptic situation, weather forecasts. They may
be obtained from harbour master's offices or by NAVTEX (radio-telefax).
Maritime Meteorological Centre in Split provides weather
information over the telephone and radiotelephone.
Weather reports
Weather reports are broadcast on these channels at the following
times (UTC):
Rijeka Radio VHF (channel 24):0535, 1435, and 1935
Split Radio VHF (channels 07, 21, 23, 28):0545, 1245, and
1945
Dubrovnik Radio VHF (channels 04, 07):0625, 1320, and 2120
DALMATIAN GASTRONOMIC SPECIALITIES
Dalmatian cuisine, due to
its ingredients and preparation, meets all medical and nutritional
recommendations for a healthy and well-balanced diet.
 Traditional
Dalmatian ingredients are various types of fish, shells,
crabs, octopus, squid, cattle-fish, olives, olive oil, vegetables,
wild herbs, almonds, figs, grapes, honey, raisins and citrus
fruits. Particularly delicious are Dalmatian "prsut"
- smoked ham that is dried in the "bura" (north-eastern
wind), best served with sheep-cheese, and "janjetina
ispod peke" - lamb prepared in the traditional way.
Furthermore, Dalmatian wines, both red and white, are a
must with every meal and some of them are among the world's
top ten.
 Fish:
Fish is prepared in several ways. Fish "na gradele"
are grilled fish where particular attention is paid to the
type of wood used to make the fire and to the adding of
aromatic herbs. The fish (the best are dentex and gilthead),
cleaned, salted and oiled, are grilled and basted with rosemary
soaked in olive oil. The grilled fish are then covered with
finely grated parsley, garlic and oil, and is served with
vegetables or salad.
Fish "na leso" are fish (the best are grooper,
dentex and hake) boiled in water containing oil, wine vinegar,
onions, laurel, peppercorn and salt. This extremely light
and low caloric dish, ideal for supper, is served with boiled
potatoes, Swiss chard or cabbage salad.
 Scampi
and shells
Mussels, oysters and scampi are prepared "na buzaru"
in Dalmatia. They are placed in a pot and covered with grated
parsley, garlic, breadcrumbs, salt, pepper, wine and oil.
They are left on the fire in their juices until their shells
open. They are served in their own juices with bread or
polenta.
Desserts
Dalmatian desserts are made with fruit, dried figs, honey,
raisins, almonds, eggs and liqueur. Some of them, such as
"rozata" and "fritule" can only be found
in Dalmatia. "Rozata" is made with eggs, milk
and caramel, and is very popular in Southern Dalmatia. "Fritule"
are made with dough, raisins and liqueur, shaped into plum-sized
balls and fried in hot oil. "Krostule", similar
to "fritule", can be found on certain islands.
They are made with the same dough but are formed into long
strips by skilled cooks and then fried in hot oil.
Wine
Dalmatian wines, known since ancient times, are produced
from autochthonous varieties of grapes. A photograph of
the picturesque vineyard close to Primosten, where the autochthonous
grape variety used to produce the "Babic" red
wine grows, can be found in the lobby of the United Nations
building. In northern Dalmatia you will be served "Babic",
"Merlot" and the rose "Opol" produced
in Sibenik vineyards. On the Peljesac peninsula, known for
its wines, you can taste.
CROATIAN HISTORY
7th C
The Avars and Slavs settle gradually on the territory of
Croatia. The Croats engage themselves in fighting the Avarian
dominance and after defeating them settle on today's territories.
In the early Middle Ages, Croatia is under the rule of the
Franks.
9th C
The age of Duke Trpimir (called dux Chroatorum) and Duke
Branimir, when Croatia becomes independent.
10th C
The age of King Tomislav when Croatia is very strong. Stjepan
Držislav is the first crowned Croatian king.
11th C
The Trpimiroviæi dynasty dies out, and Croatian kings
come under the rule of Arpadovici, who introduce the new
ways of ruling (division into counties).
12th C
Mighty feudal families emerge (dukes of Krk, Vinodol, Cetina
Omiš...).
1242
The invasion of the Tartars, after which King Bela IV began
to establish free royal towns. Since
1260
Croatia is divided into two territories governed by bans
(Vice-Roys) (Slavonija and Croatia).
1409
Venice buys the rights on Dalmatia from Ladislav of Naples
for 100.000 ducats and rules over it until 1797. The Turks
devastate Croatia during the 15th century. The division
into two territories is overcome by the unification of the
Sabors (Parliaments) of Croatia and Slavonia.
1593
The battle of Sisak is the turning point in fighting against
the Turks. The interior conflicts between the Court and
Croatian noblemen continue (the deaths of Petar Zrinski
and Frano Krsto Frankopan).
18th C
Croatia becomes administratively dependent on Hungary. Dalmatia,
Dubrovnik and Boka Kotorska recognise the authority of Napoleon
I for a short time; they come under the authority of Austria
after 1813.
18th C
The time of Illyrian movement whose members advocate a free
use of the Croatian language. An increased revival of national
consciousness.
1848
The revolution led by the Croatian ban Josip Jelacic has
the aim to defend Croatian national interests.
1918
The Croatian Sabor proclaims the seceding from the Austro-Hungarian
Empire, and Croatia enters the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats
and Slovenes the same year. Istra, Rijeka and Zadar come
under Italian rule.
1939
The Autonomous Banovina of Croatia was created.
1941-1945
The Independent State of Croatia was created during the
Second World War which was dependent on the nazi regimes
of Italy and Germany. The anti-fascist movement grows stronger
and stronger. After the war Croatia becomes one of the federal
republics within the renewed Yugoslavia under the rules
of the communists.
1990
After democratic elections Croatia leaves Yugoslavia and
proclaims its own independence and sovereignty. At the same
time a part of Serbian population stirs up a rebellion,
dictated form Belgrade, which results in the aggression
of the JNA and Yugoslavia against Croatia.
1992
Croatia becomes the full member of the United Nations.
1995
The Croatian territory is almost completely liberated.
1998
The sovereignty over the whole country, including Eastern
Slavonia, is established by a peaceful reintegration.
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